Gioia is the author of several poetry collections, including "99 Poems: New & Selected;" "Interrogations at Noon," winner of the American Book Award; "The Gods of Winter;" and "Daily Horoscope." His critical collection, "Can Poetry Matter?: Essays on Poetry and American Culture," was a finalist for the National Book Critics Award in Criticism. He has also written an opera libretto, "Nosferatu," translated Eugenio Montale's "Mottetti," coedited two anthologies of Italian poetry and four of the nation's best-selling college literature textbooks. Gioia has cofounded two major literary conferences: the West Chester University summer conference on Form and Narrative and "Teaching Poetry," a conference in Santa Rosa, California, dedicated to improving high school teaching of poetry. He has also taught as a visiting writer at Colorado College, Johns Hopkins, Sarah Lawrence, Mercer, and Wesleyan University. From 2003 to 2009, Gioia served as chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts. In 2015, he was appointed poet laureate of California.